| ~1250 A.D. | Ertoghrul rescues the Sultan of Iconium. |
| 1260 | Ertoghrul made ruler of Sultan-Œni. |
| 1288 | Ertoghrul succeeded by his son Osman. |
| ~1301 | Osman had the public prayers said in his name. |
| 1307 | Osman cast off the last remnant of vassalage to Iconium. |
| 1318 | The Turks besieged Brusa. |
| 1326 | Surrender of Brusa. |
| ~1327 | Death of Osman, and generous rivalry of his sons Orchan and Aladdin. |
| 1330 | Capture of Nicma. |
| 1336 | Karasi added to the Osmanli domains; which extended over all north-western Asia Minor. |
| 1356 | Solyman led the Turks across the Hellespont; earthquakes facilitated the capture of Gallipoli. |
| 1360 | Murad I conquered Adrianople and most of the Roman Empire of the East. |
| 1364 | Turkish victory over the Servians at the Marizza. |
| 1387 | Decisive defeat of the Caramanians at Iconium. |
| 1389 | Murad crushed the Servians at Kossova; Bajazet Ilderim annexed Servia. |
| 1396 | Crusade and Christian defeat at Nicopolis. |
| 1402 | Timur overthrew Bajazet in the huge battle of Angora. |
| 1403-13 | Civil war among the sons of Bajazet, ended by the triumph of Mahomet I. |
| 1442 | Victories of Hunyadi at Hermanstadt and Vasag. |
| 1443 | Revolt of Scanderbeg. |
| 1444 | Abdication of Murad II ; his return to the throne, and defeat of the Hungarians at Varna. |
| 1451 | Murad defeated Hunyadi at Kossova. |
| 1453 | Final siege and capture of Constantinople by Mahomet II. |
| 1456 | Mahomet repulsed by Hunyadi at Belgrade. |
| 1460 | Greece occupied by the Turks. |
| 1475 | Kaffa, the Genoese metropolis of the Crimea, captured. |
| 1480 | The Turks seize Otranto in Italy. |
| 1481 | Civil wars of Bajazet II and his brother Djem. |
| 1512 | Bajazet II forced to abdicate in favor of his son, Selim the Destroyer. |
| 1513 | Massacre of thz Shiites. |
| 1514 | Selim overthrows the Persians at Calderan. |
| 1516 | He adds Syria to his do-mains by the victory of Aleppo. |
| 1517 | The Mamelukes defeated at Ridania, and Egypt conquered; Selim becomes Caliph of the Mahometans. |
| 1521 | Solyman the Magnificent captures Belgrade. |
| 1522 | Knights of St. John driven from the Isle of Rhodes. |
| 1526 | Destruction of the Hungarians at Mohacs. |
| 1529 | Solyman ravages Austria and besieges Vienna. |
| 1533 | Truce between Solyman and Europe. |
| 1538 | Naval victory of Barbarossa off Prevesa. |
| 1547 | Most of Hungary surrendered to Solyman; Ferdinand of Austria pays him tribute. |
| 1566 | Solyman dies before the fortress of Szigeth, and Selim the Sot begins the decadence of the royal house. |
| 1569 | First encounter of Turks and Russians. |
| 1571 | Capture of Cyprus; the sea-fight of Lepanto. |
| 1589 | Great revolt of the Janizaries; frightful interval of disorder. |
| 1590 | The cession of Georgia by the Persians expands the Turkish Empire to its widest extent. |
| 1594 | Uprising of the Christian tributary states, "the Wallachian Vespers." |
| 1596 | Mahomet III overthrows the Christian armies at Cerestes; the last great Turkish victory. |
| 1622 | Osman II murdered by the Janizaries. |
| 1636 | Murad IV recaptures Baghdad. |
| 1656 | Mahomet Kiuprili made Vizier. |
| 1664 | Defeat at St. Gotthard. |
| 1669 | Crete surrenders to the Turks. |
| 1672 | The Cossacks of the Ukraine secure Turkish protection. |
| 1673 | Victories of Sobieski at Khoczim and (1675) Lemberg. |
| 1683 | Kara Mustapha driven back from Vienna; European coalition against the Turks. |
| 1687 | Turkish defeat at Mohacs. |
| 1689 | Loss of Belgrade. |
| 1691 | Defeat at Slankamen. |
| 1697 | Defeat at Zenta. |
| 1699 | Peace of Carlowitz, by which Turkey loses Hungary, Azov, the Ukraine and the Peloponnesus. |
| 1711 | Victory over Peter the Great. |
| 1717 | Second defeat at Belgrade. |
| 1736 | The Russians ravage the Crimea. |
| 1787 | England and Prussia rescue Turkey from the Russians. |
| 1808 | Selim III attempts reform and is overthrown by the Janizaries. |
| 1820 | The Albanians and then the Greeks revolt. |
| 1826 | Mahmud II exterminates the Janizaries. |
| 1827 | Battle of Navarino. |
| 1828 | Russian war establishes the independence of Greece. |
| 1839 | War with Egypt; Turkey rescued by the Western Powers. submits to their tutelage. |
| 1853 | Russian aggression leads to the Crimean War. |
| 1861 | Turkish reaction under Abdul Aziz. |
| 1875 | National bankruptcy; the Balkan rebellion. |
| 1877 | Russia chastises the Turks again; freedom of the Balkan States. |
| 1897 | Grco-Turkish war. |
| 1905 | Turkey defies the Powers on the Macedonian question. |
